Signed by Great Britain, France and Spain with Portugal in agreement, after Britain's victory over France and Spain, the Treaty of Paris formally ended the French and Indian War (also known as the Seven Years' War) and recognized American independence.
France ceded what was then called "Eastern Louisiana" — land stretching from the Mississippi to Appalachia — to Britain. While the Chickasaws sided with the British before the treaty, the tribe still regarded themselves as an independent nation. Now, as power shifted, British policy and law were soon imposed.