Peter Maytubby was born in Mississippi in 1837 and moved to Indian Territory with other tribes who migrated at the time. Maytubby was a full-blooded Chickasaw Indian and served as a captain for the Confederate Army in the Civil War.
After the war ended, Maytubby returned to his home to resume life as a farmer and cattle rancher. He was always involved with the people of his tribe. Maytubby was never too busy to lend a helping hand or be a part of a committee for the Chickasaw Nation.
He was a member of the Dawes Commission, and with his extensive knowledge of the Chickasaws, was a liaison to the U.S. government to help find fraudulent claims of Chickasaw citizenship.
He was elected governor of the Chickasaw Nation in 1906, but never officially took office.